Developer Overview

Lithosphere is a next-generation Layer 1 blockchain platform designed for cross-chain decentralized applications, privacy-preserving smart contracts, and the LEP100 multi-chain token standard. This overview covers the project structure, packages, design philosophy, and a reading guide for different audiences.

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Monorepo Structure

The Lithosphere codebase is organized as a monorepo managed with pnpm workspaces and Turborepo. The top-level layout is as follows:

lithosphere/
├── api/                        # GraphQL API server
├── indexer/                    # Blockchain event indexer
├── contracts/                  # Smart contracts (Solidity)
├── web/                        # Next.js frontend application
├── packages/
│   ├── blockchain-core/        # Core blockchain SDK & utilities
│   ├── create-litho-app/       # CLI tool for scaffolding projects
│   └── docs/                   # Documentation & technical specs
├── clusters/                   # Kubernetes configs (devnet, staging, mainnet)
├── infra/                      # Infrastructure as Code & monitoring
├── scripts/                    # Deployment & utility scripts
└── templates/                  # Project templates for developers

Each directory serves a distinct role in the development lifecycle, from smart contract authoring through deployment and monitoring.

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Packages and Applications

Applications

Package	Description	Key Technologies
@lithosphere/api	GraphQL API server for blockchain data querying, smart contract interactions, and real-time event subscriptions	Express.js, Apollo Server
@lithosphere/indexer	Blockchain event indexer that processes on-chain events and exposes a GraphQL schema for efficient querying; powers the API backend	GraphQL, PostgreSQL
@lithosphere/contracts	Smart contracts including LITHO (native token), LEP100 (multi-chain token standard), WLITHO (wrapped token), and Lep100Access (access control)	Hardhat, Solidity 0.8.20+
@lithosphere/web	Frontend application with server-side rendering, real-time blockchain data integration, and responsive design	Next.js 14, React 18

Shared Packages

Package	Description	Key Technologies
@lithosphere/blockchain-core	Core SDK providing a ledger abstraction layer, cryptographic utilities (MDKM, ring signatures), and consensus mechanism implementation	TypeScript-first API
create-litho-app	CLI tool for scaffolding new Lithosphere projects with template selection and automatic dependency setup	tsup
@lithosphere/docs	Comprehensive documentation including the whitepaper, LEP100 token standard guide, architecture docs, and smart contract development guides	Markdown

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Design Objectives

Lithosphere was built around three core design objectives derived from research on cross-chain technology, AI, machine learning, and decentralization:

Cross-chain Asset Transfer

• Connect major digital currency networks (such as Bitcoin and Ethereum) and complete asset transactions without altering the original chains' mechanisms.

• Integrate Lithosphere with consortium chains, handling asset transfers in both directions and enabling asset trading on Lithosphere itself.

• Guarantee that cross-chain transactions are secure and that cross-chain transaction services are stable.

Transaction Privacy Protection

• Allow trading parties to choose whether or not to execute transactions privately.

• Provide privacy protection for digital asset transfers and exchanges.

• Provide holders of digital assets with anonymous protection through ring signatures and one-time accounts.

Functional Extensibility

• Serve as a decentralized platform for trading non-fungible assets and digital currencies.

• Operate deposit and lending services for multiple digital currencies.

• Enable the creation and exchange of novel digital financial assets.

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Reading Guide

For Developers

The recommended reading path for developers building on the Lithosphere platform:

1. Whitepaper -- Understand the vision and high-level design of the Lithosphere network.

2. LEP100 Token Standard -- Learn the multi-chain token standard that underpins all Lithosphere tokens.

3. Architecture Overview -- Study the architectural decisions, consensus model (LinBFT), and cryptographic primitives (MDKM).

4. Smart Contracts -- Dive into smart contract development, multi-triggering mechanisms, and DeFi patterns.

5. API & SDK -- Integrate with the GraphQL API and blockchain-core SDK.

6. CI/CD Guide -- Configure deployment pipelines across Local, Devnet, Staging, and Mainnet environments.

For Researchers

• Begin with the Whitepaper and the LEP100 Yellowpaper for formal specifications.

• Study Linear Communication BFT (LinBFT) consensus and its improvements over PBFT.

• Review Myriad Distributed Key Management (MDKM) and elliptic curve cryptography primitives.

• Explore Cross-Chain Integration for the Lock-in/Lock-out asset mapping model.

For Investors

• Start with the Abstract for the project's mission and positioning.

• Read Tokenomics and Roadmap sections for network economics and milestones.

• Review Lithosphere Products and the LEP100 Token Standard for ecosystem understanding.

• Study Governance for on-chain decision-making processes.

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Key Features

Feature	Description
LEP100 Token Standard	Multi-chain compatible token standard supporting fungible and non-fungible tokens, time slicing, batch operations, and cross-chain exchange
Privacy-Preserving	Ring signatures and locked account generation scheme provide transaction anonymity
DeFi Ready	Built-in smart contracts for decentralized finance with multi-role, multi-token, and usufruct separation
High Performance LinBFT	Linear Communication BFT consensus with per-block consensus, rotating leader, changing honesty model, and dynamic participant sets
Developer Friendly	Comprehensive SDK, CLI scaffolding tools, GraphQL API, Ethereum compatibility, and full-stack TypeScript tooling
MDKM Secure	Myriad Distributed Key Management based on distributed key generation and elliptic curve cryptography for decentralized control

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Quick Start

# Prerequisites: Node.js >= 20.0.0, pnpm >= 9.0.0

# Install dependencies
pnpm install

# Build all packages
pnpm build

# Run tests
pnpm test

# Development mode (all services)
pnpm dev

For more detailed setup, see the Developer Setup guide.